- Egress TLS 流量中的 SNI 监控及策略
- 开始之前
- SNI 监控和访问策略
- 清理监控和策略定义
- 监控 SNI 和源身份,并据此作出访问控制
- 清理基于 SNI 和源身份的监控和访问策略对象
- 清理
- 相关内容
Egress TLS 流量中的 SNI 监控及策略
在使用通配符主机配置 Egress 流量示例中描述了为 *.wikipedia.org
这样的域名启用 Egress 流量 TLS 支持的方法。本示例中将演示的是如何为 Egress TLS 流量配置 SNI 监控并应用策略。
开始之前
按照安装指南中的说明安装 Istio。
启动 sleep 示例,以获取发送请求的测试源。
如果您启用了自动 sidecar 注入,请执行
Zip
$ kubectl apply -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@
否则,在部署 sleep
应用程序前,您必须手动注入 sidecar:
Zip
$ kubectl apply -f <(istioctl kube-inject -f @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@)
您可以使用任何安装了 curl
的 pod 作为测试源。
- 为了发送请求,您需要创建
SOURCE_POD
环境变量来存储源 pod 的名称:
$ export SOURCE_POD=$(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep -o jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})
在 Istio 中部署 Egress 网关
根据使用通配符主机配置 Egress 流量示例中的步骤 为流向
*.wikipedia.org
的流量进行配置,启用 TLS 支持。
SNI 监控和访问策略
通过配置,让 Egress 流量流入 Egress 网关之后,就可以对其实施安全的监控和策略管理了。在本节中,会为 *.wikipedia.org
定义一个 LogEntry
以及访问策略。
- 创建
logentry
、rules
和handlers
:
$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
# Egress 访问的日志定义
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: logentry
metadata:
name: egress-access
namespace: istio-system
spec:
severity: '"info"'
timestamp: context.time | timestamp("2017-01-01T00:00:00Z")
variables:
connectionEvent: connection.event | ""
source: source.labels["app"] | "unknown"
sourceNamespace: source.namespace | "unknown"
sourceWorkload: source.workload.name | ""
sourcePrincipal: source.principal | "unknown"
requestedServerName: connection.requested_server_name | "unknown"
destinationApp: destination.labels["app"] | ""
monitored_resource_type: '"UNSPECIFIED"'
---
# 用于访问日志记录的 Handler
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: stdio
metadata:
name: egress-access-logger
namespace: istio-system
spec:
severity_levels:
info: 0 # output log level as info
outputAsJson: true
---
# 处理对 *.wikipedia.org 访问的 Rule
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: rule
metadata:
name: handle-wikipedia-access
namespace: istio-system
spec:
match: source.labels["app"] == "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" && destination.labels["app"] == "" && connection.event == "open"
actions:
- handler: egress-access-logger.stdio
instances:
- egress-access.logentry
EOF
- 向 https://en.wikipedia.org 和 https://de.wikipedia.org 发起 HTTPS 访问:
$ kubectl exec -it $SOURCE_POD -c sleep -- sh -c 'curl -s https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Hauptseite | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"'
<title>Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title>
<title>Wikipedia – Die freie Enzyklopädie</title>
- 检查 Mixer 日志。如果 Istio 部署在
istio-system
命名空间,可以用如下命令:
$ kubectl -n istio-system logs -l istio-mixer-type=telemetry -c mixer | grep 'egress-access.logentry.istio-system'
- 定义一条策略,允许访问主机名符合
*.wikipedia.org
规则的主机,但是排除英文版:
$ cat <<EOF | kubectl create -f -
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: listchecker
metadata:
name: wikipedia-checker
namespace: istio-system
spec:
overrides: ["en.wikipedia.org"] # 用静态列表作为黑名单
blacklist: true
---
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: listentry
metadata:
name: requested-server-name
namespace: istio-system
spec:
value: connection.requested_server_name
---
# 检查对 *.wikipedia.org 的访问
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: rule
metadata:
name: check-wikipedia-access
namespace: istio-system
spec:
match: source.labels["app"] == "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" && destination.labels["app"] == ""
actions:
- handler: wikipedia-checker.listchecker
instances:
- requested-server-name.listentry
EOF
- 向黑名单中的英文版 Wikipedia:
$ kubectl exec -it $SOURCE_POD -c sleep -- sh -c 'curl -v https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page'
...
curl: (35) Unknown SSL protocol error in connection to en.wikipedia.org:443
command terminated with exit code 35
对英文版 Wikipedia 的访问会被策略拒绝。
- 向其它 Wikipedia 站点发送 HTTPS 请求,例如 https://es.wikipedia.org 或 https://de.wikipedia.org:
$ kubectl exec -it $SOURCE_POD -c sleep -- sh -c 'curl -s https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Portada | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Hauptseite | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"'
<title>Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</title>
<title>Wikipedia – Die freie Enzyklopädie</title>
和我们计划的一样,其它语言的 Wikipedia 站点是可以访问的。
清理监控和策略定义
$ kubectl delete rule handle-wikipedia-access check-wikipedia-access -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete logentry egress-access -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete stdio egress-access-logger -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete listentry requested-server-name -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete listchecker wikipedia-checker -n istio-system
监控 SNI 和源身份,并据此作出访问控制
因为已经在 Sidecar 之间、Sidecar 和 Egress 网关之间启用了双向 TLS,所以就有办法对访问外部的应用的服务身份进行监控和策略控制了。在 Kubernetes 上运行的 Istio,其身份是建立在 Service Accounts 基础之上的。这一节中将会部署两个 sleep
容器,sleep-us
和 sleep-canada
,各自用不同的 Service account 运行。然后定义一个策略,允许 sleep-us
的身份访问英文和西班牙文版本的维基百科,而 sleep-canada
身份的应用可以访问英文和法文版。
- 部署两个
sleep
容器,sleep-us
和sleep-canada
,各自使用各自的同名 Service account 运行:
ZipZip
$ sed 's/: sleep/: sleep-us/g' @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@ | kubectl apply -f -
$ sed 's/: sleep/: sleep-canada/g' @samples/sleep/sleep.yaml@ | kubectl apply -f -
serviceaccount "sleep-us" created
service "sleep-us" created
deployment "sleep-us" created
serviceaccount "sleep-canada" created
service "sleep-canada" created
deployment "sleep-canada" created
- 创建
logentry
、rules
和handlers
:
$ kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
# Egress 访问的日志定义
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: logentry
metadata:
name: egress-access
namespace: istio-system
spec:
severity: '"info"'
timestamp: context.time | timestamp("2017-01-01T00:00:00Z")
variables:
connectionEvent: connection.event | ""
source: source.labels["app"] | "unknown"
sourceNamespace: source.namespace | "unknown"
sourceWorkload: source.workload.name | ""
sourcePrincipal: source.principal | "unknown"
requestedServerName: connection.requested_server_name | "unknown"
destinationApp: destination.labels["app"] | ""
monitored_resource_type: '"UNSPECIFIED"'
---
# Egress 访问日志的 Handler
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: stdio
metadata:
name: egress-access-logger
namespace: istio-system
spec:
severity_levels:
info: 0 # output log level as info
outputAsJson: true
---
# 访问 *.wikipedia.org 时应用的 Rule
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: rule
metadata:
name: handle-wikipedia-access
namespace: istio-system
spec:
match: source.labels["app"] == "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" && destination.labels["app"] == "" && connection.event == "open"
actions:
- handler: egress-access-logger.stdio
instances:
- egress-access.logentry
EOF
- 从
sleep-us
向英文、德文、西班牙文和法文版本的维基百科分别发送 HTTPS 请求:
$ kubectl exec -it $(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep-us -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -c sleep-us -- sh -c 'curl -s https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Hauptseite | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Portada | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"'
<title>Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title>
<title>Wikipedia – Die freie Enzyklopädie</title>
<title>Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</title>
<title>Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre</title>
- 查看 Mixer 日志。如果 Istio 部署在
istio-system
命名空间,可以使用如下命令:
$ kubectl -n istio-system logs -l istio-mixer-type=telemetry -c mixer | grep 'egress-access.logentry.istio-system'
{"level":"info","time":"2019-01-10T17:33:55.559093Z","instance":"egress-access.logentry.istio-system","connectionEvent":"open","destinationApp":"","requestedServerName":"en.wikipedia.org","source":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy","sourceNamespace":"default","sourcePrincipal":"cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep-us","sourceWorkload":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy"}
{"level":"info","time":"2019-01-10T17:33:56.166227Z","instance":"egress-access.logentry.istio-system","connectionEvent":"open","destinationApp":"","requestedServerName":"de.wikipedia.org","source":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy","sourceNamespace":"default","sourcePrincipal":"cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep-us","sourceWorkload":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy"}
{"level":"info","time":"2019-01-10T17:33:56.779842Z","instance":"egress-access.logentry.istio-system","connectionEvent":"open","destinationApp":"","requestedServerName":"es.wikipedia.org","source":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy","sourceNamespace":"default","sourcePrincipal":"cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep-us","sourceWorkload":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy"}
{"level":"info","time":"2019-01-10T17:33:57.413908Z","instance":"egress-access.logentry.istio-system","connectionEvent":"open","destinationApp":"","requestedServerName":"fr.wikipedia.org","source":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy","sourceNamespace":"default","sourcePrincipal":"cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep-us","sourceWorkload":"istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy"}
注意 requestedServerName
属性,以及 sourcePrincipal
,应取值为 cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep-us
。
- 定义一条策略,允许
sleep-us
Service account 访问英文和西班牙版本的维基百科;而sleep-canada
则可以访问英文和法文版本的维基百科。对其它语言的访问会被拦截。
$ cat <<EOF | kubectl create -f -
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: listentry
metadata:
name: requested-server-name
namespace: istio-system
spec:
value: connection.requested_server_name
---
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: listchecker
metadata:
name: us-wikipedia-checker
namespace: istio-system
spec:
overrides: ["en.wikipedia.org", "es.wikipedia.org"]
blacklist: false
---
# 访问 *.wikipedia.org 时应用的 Rule
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: rule
metadata:
name: check-us-wikipedia-access
namespace: istio-system
spec:
match: source.labels["app"] == "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" && destination.labels["app"] == "" && source.principal == "cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep-us"
actions:
- handler: us-wikipedia-checker.listchecker
instances:
- requested-server-name.listentry
---
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: listchecker
metadata:
name: canada-wikipedia-checker
namespace: istio-system
spec:
overrides: ["en.wikipedia.org", "fr.wikipedia.org"]
blacklist: false
---
# 访问 *.wikipedia.org 时应用的 Rule
apiVersion: "config.istio.io/v1alpha2"
kind: rule
metadata:
name: check-canada-wikipedia-access
namespace: istio-system
spec:
match: source.labels["app"] == "istio-egressgateway-with-sni-proxy" && destination.labels["app"] == "" && source.principal == "cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep-canada"
actions:
- handler: canada-wikipedia-checker.listchecker
instances:
- requested-server-name.listentry
EOF
- 从
sleep-us
发送 HTTPS 流量到英文、德文、西班牙文和法文版本的维基百科:
$ kubectl exec -it $(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep-us -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -c sleep-us -- sh -c 'curl -s https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Hauptseite | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Portada | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal | grep -o "<title>.*</title>";:'
<title>Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title>
<title>Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</title>
会看到 sleep-us
身份允许访问英文和西班牙版本。
Mixer 策略的同步可能会花几分钟,如果想要快速演示新的策略,可以删除 Mixer Policy Pod:
$ kubectl delete pod -n istio-system -l istio-mixer-type=policy
- 从
sleep-canada
发送 HTTPS 流量到英文、德文、西班牙文和法文版本的维基百科:
$ kubectl exec -it $(kubectl get pod -l app=sleep-canada -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -c sleep-canada -- sh -c 'curl -s https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Hauptseite | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Portada | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"; curl -s https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal | grep -o "<title>.*</title>";:'
<title>Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title>
<title>Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre</title>
会看到 sleep-us
身份允许访问英文和法文版本。
清理基于 SNI 和源身份的监控和访问策略对象
$ kubectl delete serviceaccount sleep-us sleep-canada
$ kubectl delete service sleep-us sleep-canada
$ kubectl delete deployment sleep-us sleep-canada
$ kubectl delete rule handle-wikipedia-access check-us-wikipedia-access check-canada-wikipedia-access -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete logentry egress-access -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete stdio egress-access-logger -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete listentry requested-server-name -n istio-system
$ kubectl delete listchecker us-wikipedia-checker canada-wikipedia-checker -n istio-system
清理
执行 使用通配符主机配置 Egress 流量例子中的清理任意域名的通配符配置步骤。
停止 sleep 服务:
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